Issue: 2022, Vol. 27, No. 3

Е. D. Abrashkina, А. V. Bursikov, I. V. Кarmanova, Т. V. Dobrolyubova

RISK FACTORS FOR COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION DEVELOPMENT IN ELDERLY AND SENILE PATIENTS WITH COMORBID SOMATIC PATHOLOGY

Keywords

cognitive dysfunction, risk factors, elderly and senile patients, comorbid pathology

Abstarct

objective – to determine the presence and the manifestation of cognitive dysfunction (CD) and to reveal its interrelation with emotional background and somatic status indices in elderly and senile patients with comorbid somatic pathology. Material and methods. 50 patients with somatic pathology (average age – 74,6 ± 4,0 years) were treated in therapeutic department. General clinical examination, evaluation of cognitive and psychoemotional status by MiniMentalStateExamination (MMSE) and level of anxiety and depression by HospitalAnxietyand- DepressionScale (НАDS) were performed. Comparative analysis of factors associated with CD was made. Results and discussion. Among the examined patients mild (25–27 points in MMSE) or moderate (20–24 points) cognitive disorders were revealed correspondingly in 30 (60 %) and in 5 (10 %) patients, who formed the 1st group, 15 patients without CD composed the 2nd group. Subclinical and clinical signs of anxiety disorders by НАDS were marked in 57 % patients of the 1st group and in 13 % patients of the 2nd group, signs of depressive disorders – in 40 and in 7 % correspondingly. Trustworthy distinctions in body mass index (BMI) between groups were not revealed (28,2 ± 2,0 kg/м2 in the 1st group and 29,4 ± 2,5 kg/м2 – in the 2nd group, р > 0,05). Higher indices of systolic arterial pressure (SAP) (165,5 ± 6,0 vs 142,3 ± 5,5 mm of mercury column , р< 0,05), general cholesterol (6,1 ± 0,6 and 5,4 ± 0,7 mmole/l, р < 0,05), lower parameters of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (49,5 ± 13,3 vs 63,7 ± 12,0 ml/min/1,73 м2, р < 0,05) were marked in patients with CD in comparison to the patients from the 2nd group. Fasting hyperglycemia and anemia (in 8 patients with CD only) were noted more frequently in the 1st group (more than 6,1 mmole/l), (in the 1st group – in 53 % patients, in the 2nd group – in 30 %). Conclusion. Such revealed distinctions may be considered as modified risk factors (RF) and their correction would allow to prevent the development and progressing of cognitive dysfunction in elderly and senile patients with somatic pathology.

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