Issue: 2025, Vol. 30, No. 2

A. V. Slezina, E. K. Baklushina, L. A. Zdanova

BEHAVIORAL FACTORS OF MODERN PREGNANT WOMEN’S LIFESTYLE

Keywords

pregnant women, children’s health, lifestyle, behavioural factors, preventive counselling

Abstarct

The state of health of the younger generation is an important factor of national welfare and one of the strategic goals of the Russian Federation. Many studies proved that diseases of children in the first years of life are quite often associated with behavioural factors in the lifestyle of parents. Therefore, the significance of preventive counselling of would-be parents is obvious. A professional well-timed purposeful approach to accomplish it contributes to improving the effectiveness of medical specialists in the field of primary prevention of childhood diseases. Objective – to conduct a socio-hygienic analysis of behavioural factors in the lifestyle of modern pregnant women (on the example of respondents from the Moscow region). Material and Methods. A socio-hygienic study of behavioural factors of lifestyle of pregnant women in the Moscow region (n = 561) was performed by a semi-standardized interview method using a questionnaire developed and tested by the authors. Statistical data were analysed using Statistica 26.0 software and Microsoft Excel 2010 spreadsheets. Results and Discussion. According to the self-assessment data, the majority of the interviewed pregnant women considered their lifestyle healthy. However, the prevalence of negative behavioural factors was quite high in the group, being kept after the onset of pregnancy. The highest occurrence of negative behavioural lifestyle risk factors was observed in women aged from 18 to 25 and over 40 years old compared to patients aged 26-39. The factors were particularly common in women with secondary and vocational secondary education. Reliable changes in lifestyle with the onset of pregnancy occurred in the respondents only with regard to smoking (41.1%), low physical activity (44.0 %) and destructive reactions to stress (71.7%). Nevertheless, there was less than 2-fold reduction in the proportion of such patients. The proportion of women with irrational nutrition decreased almost 6-fold (13.9 %). Conclusion. The social portrait of pregnant women in the Moscow region is predominantly unmarried working women with higher education at the age from 26 to 39 years old. The overwhelming majority of them unreasonably consider their lifestyle healthy, and they have low medical activity. However, the onset of pregnancy did not cancel bad habits in a significant number of participants, they did not follow the regime of labour and rest, demonstrated destructive reactions to stressful situations, irrational nutrition prevailing. The situation makes it necessary to improve the forms and methods of preventive counselling in pregnant women.

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