Issue: 2024, Vol. 29, No. 1

L. А. Zhdanova, L. К. Molkova, I. Е. Boboshko

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF HEALTH DISORDERS IN ADOLESCENTS: NEURO- AND PSYCHOSOMATIC ASPECTS

Keywords

adolescents, health, neurological pathology, psychological status, neuro-somatic approach, psychosomatic approach, medical and social aid, department of medical and social aid, children’s polyclinic

Abstarct

Objective – to identify the frequency and characteristics of neurological pathology in the adolescents with chronic somatic diseases and to determine psychological features of such patients. Material and methods. 295 adolescents aged 10–17 years with various somatic diseases were enrolled in the study; all of them were consulted at the department of medical and social aid (MSAD) of the children’s polyclinic № 7 (city of Ivanovo). Two groups were identified: the 1st one – 209 adolescents aged 10-14 years inclusive; the 2nd one – 86 adolescents aged 15–17 years inclusive. The results of the examination of children by a pediatrician and specialist doctors and the data from psychological counseling of adolescents and their family members were analyzed. Results and discussion. The study revealed a high prevalence of chronic and recurrent somatic pathology in adolescents; pathology of loco-motor system and vision organ was registered with a higher frequency. It was noted that the incidence of the diseases of the cardiovascular system, vision organ and endocrine pathology increased with age. The combination of chronic and recurrent somatic pathology with neurological disorders was revealed in each adolescent who was examined by MSAD. Psychological counseling allowed to identify high incidence of psychogenic and negative social factors such as unfavorable personal characteristics (low self-esteem, high levels of anxiety and fears), inharmonious family education, social maladjustment, often in combination. Conclusion. High incidence of neurological disorders and deviations of psychological characteristics in children with chronic somatic pathology both in early and in late adolescent periods required the necessity of neuro- and psychosomatic approaches in their dispensary observation.

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